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Financial Statement AnalysisModule 9 of 9

Analysis of Income Taxes

6

Concepts

3

Formulas

1

Decisions

3

Quiz Questions

Key Concepts

6 concepts covered in this module.

Taxable vs Accounting Income

Accounting income follows GAAP/IFRS; taxable income follows tax law. Differences can be temporary or permanent.

Temporary Differences

Reverse over time. Taxable temporary diff → DTL. Deductible temporary diff → DTA. Example: accelerated tax depreciation.

Permanent Differences

Never reverse. Example: tax-exempt income, non-deductible expenses. Cause effective tax rate ≠ statutory rate.

Deferred Tax Asset (DTA)

Future tax benefit. Arises from deductible temporary differences or tax loss carryforwards. May need valuation allowance.

Deferred Tax Liability (DTL)

Future tax obligation. Arises from taxable temporary differences. May not reverse if company keeps growing.

Effective Tax Rate

Tax expense / Pre-tax income. Differs from statutory rate due to permanent differences, tax credits, etc.

Formulas

3 essential formulas for this module.

Tax Expense

Tax Expense = Taxes Payable + ΔDTL - ΔDTA

Where: Income statement tax charge

Effective Tax Rate

ETR = Tax Expense / Pre-tax Income

Where: Actual rate after all adjustments

DTA/DTL

DT = Temporary Difference × Tax Rate

Where: Apply expected future tax rate

Decision Frameworks

1 decision frameworks to guide your analysis.

Will a DTL actually reverse?

  • If company is shrinking: DTL will reverse (tax payment due)
  • If growing: DTL may never reverse (new DTLs replace old ones)

Mind Map

Visual overview of how concepts connect in this module.

Income Tax Analysis
Differences
Temporary: create DTA/DTL
Permanent: affect ETR only
Taxable temp → DTL
Deductible temp → DTA
DTA
Future tax benefit
Tax loss carryforwards
Valuation allowance needed?
Warranty provisions
DTL
Future tax obligation
Accelerated depreciation
May not reverse if growing
Tax Rate
Statutory rate
Effective tax rate
Permanent diffs cause divergence
Rate change impact on DT

Study Analysis of Income Taxes

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